Lathe



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB HESS, Ol NTAGARA FALLS, NEV YORK.

LATI-IE.

Speccaton of Letters Patent No. 24,805, dated July 19, 1859.

i To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Jason Huss, of Niagara Falls, in the State of New York, have invented an Improved Machine for Turning Irregular Forms; and 1 do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of its construction and operation, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, so as to enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention.

rllhe drawings represent a perspective view of the machine, part of the screw rod f, being broken away.

The piece to be turned is marked o; it is held between the points o, at the end of shaft cZ, and the pointed end of pivot o.

The shaft CZ, and pivot Z9, pass through a corresponding pair of the holes g, Z1., in the disks f, o; the shaft (Z, turns freely in the hole g, while the pivot Z), is contined by means of a setscrew o.

The disks are provided with keys taking into the slot p, in the disk shaft m; thus the disks are prevented from turning around the shaft m, while they are allowed to slide hori- Zontally upon it so as to adapt the distance between the disks to the length of the piece to be turned. The disks are provided with necks o, and can be fastened to the shaft m, when set at the desired distance from each other, by means of set screws a, passing through the necks. (The drawings do not exhibit the neck and set screw belonging to disk o.) The shaft m, is held in bearings r, r, 1". A cog wheel Zo, is slipped over the neck Z2, of disk f, so as to be free to revolve upon the neck. A spring hook fn., extends from the neck o, and passes through a hole in the guard plate o, also fastened to the neck Z2, into one of the holes y', or Z, in the face of the cog wheel, thus connecting the cog wheel to the neck and disk f, so as to cause them to revolve together. The outer end of shaft CZ, is provided with a pinion 2', taking into cog wheel Zo.

1t will be seen that on withdrawing the spring hook from the hole in the face of the cog wheel, the latter can be turned the distance of two or more of the holes j, or Z, and as soon as the spring hook is let go, it will take into the next hole. Such a partial turn of the cog wheel causes the pinion z', to revolve together'with its shaft oZ, thus causing the piece a, to describe part of a revolution and presenting a new side to the action of the chisel, hereafter to be described. Thus it will be seen, the piece a, can be turned into a polygonal shape, the number of holes into which the spring hook is successively al lowed to take, determining the number of the sides of the polygonal section of the piece to be turned. i It will also be seen that by inserting the spring hook successively into holes at unequal distances from the last ones, the section of the piece a, will be made to represent an irregular polygon, to wit a polygon the sides of which are of unequal length.

The set of holes marked Z, are much nearer together than those marked j. The holes j, are used when cutting polygons of only al few sides, while the holes Z, are used for many sided polygons.

It will also be understood that each of the holes g, may have a shaft oZ, inserted into it, with a cog wheel z', and each of the holes ZL, may contain a pivot b, so as to arrange as many pieces o, between the disks as there are holes in each disk, and turn them all simultaneously into the same shape.

The shaft m, is provided with pulleys g, g, g, of various sizes so as to revolve the shaft m, and disks f, o, at various velocities when the band (not represented in the drawings) transferring the power is applied to any of said pulleys.

Small pulleys s, u, are loose upon the outer end of shaft m, and either of them can be made to revolve with the shaft by shifting the neck t, which slides laterally upon and turns with shaft m, to the right or left and thus causing it to clutch the one or the other of pulleys u, s. These pulleys u, s, transmit a revolving motion to screw rod f f', by means of bands a?, fw, and pulleys y, e, upon the outer end of the screw rod. The screw rod works through a female screw in the piece w', projecting downward from the carriage e, and thus causes the carriage to slide laterally upon the rail y', arranged on the frame of the machine. The carriage moves one way until it strikes one of the stops d', clamped to rod o, by means of a clamping screw e', when the motion thus communicated to the rod o, will move the lever o, on its fulcrum a, one end of said lever being linked to the end of the rod o', while the other end of the lever takes into a operated will shift the neck t, so as to make it clutch with the other of the pulleys u, s,

thereby reversing the revolving motion of the screw rod f. The carriage commences now its return motion and continues in this direction until it strikes the other stop CZ, again shifting the rod c, and lever c, clutching the neck 2i, with the other one of the pulleys u, s, and thus again reversing t-he motion of the carriage. By shifting the neck t, by hand midway between the two pulleys u, s, when it clutches with neither of the pulleys, no motion will be transmitted to the screw rod and the carriage will consequently stand still.

The clamping screws e', may be dispensed with by making the stops cZ, so that they will be sufficiently tight upon the rod c', not to be displaced by the action of the carriage. The stops d', d', must of course be so adjusted that the distance between them corresponds to the length of the piece a, to be turned.

A plate g, is fastened upon the carriage and is provided with brackets 1*', r, and S, s, which serve as bearings for small shafts p, and y A rod j', passes through a slot in the shaftp, and a friction roller 7c', is pivoted to the front end of rod y, which (by means of a spring m, acting upon the rear end of rod j,) is made to bear against the pieces to be turned for the purpose of steadying and preventing them from vibrating.

The chisel is fastened in a slot in the shaft 0, by means of a set screw n', or in any other suitable manner. A screw Z', passes through the front end of the chisel, its

-lower end resting against the face of the pattern it. By working this screw Z, either way the cutting end of the chisel can be elevated or depressed so as cause it to cut more or less deeply. The front part of the rod j, also rests upon the face of the pattern L. The front ends of the rod y, as well as the chisel d', pass through slots in the vertical portion of the plate g, whereby lateral vibrations of the rod and chisel will be prevented.

If the revolution of the disks and the pieces to be turned, should be reversed the roller k, and chisel z", will be lifted up (turning upon the pivots of their shafts p', 0,) and thus the chisel will be prevented from scratching or injuring the pieces a.

The pattern L, is held between spring clamps g, g. from the front -ends of the rod j, and chisel z", hold the rod and chisel down to the pattern.

In turning light articles, there is necessarily more or less spring to the wood while being turned, and consequently it is not safe to turn too large a chip at once. This necessitates going over the article to be turned several times, and which is expeditiously done when the various parts of the machine are constructed and arranged as in my ma chine. Again when turning small articles it often happens that the tool fails to cut one or more places true, while all of the other portions are turned true, and to avoid all such defects it is best to let the tool run back and forth once or twice, after the turning is apparently completed. In my machine this is accomplished without diiiculty, while the steadying roll unites to perfect the operation of turning the work.

Having described my improved machine for turning irregular forms, I do not wish to be understood as now claiming any of the parts separately considered, but

Vhat I claim and desire to secure byV Letters Patent is The combination of the grooved central shaft m, with its movable disk c, f, adjusting gears 7c, z', and index spring hook n, all of said parts being constructed and arranged in relation to each other as and for the purposes set forth.

JACOB HESS.

lVitnesses DAVID CLARK, W. H. FIRBUSH.

Weights t', u, suspended. 

